Gas Operations

Gas vs Gas-Free Operations

Overview

The Opinion CLOB SDK implements a hybrid execution model: off-chain order matching via CLOB infrastructure eliminates gas costs for order operations, while direct smart contract invocations require BNB native token for transaction fees.

Gas-Free Operations

Off-Chain Order Book

The Central Limit Order Book functions as an off-chain matching engine. Orders are authenticated via EIP712 cryptographic signatures and submitted to the Opinion API. On-chain settlement is executed asynchronously by backend infrastructure, abstracting gas costs from end users.

Supported Gas-Free Operations

Market Data Queries

get_markets() - Market metadata retrieval
get_market() - Individual market details
get_categorical_market() - Categorical market information
get_orderbook() - Real-time order book snapshots
get_latest_price() - Current market prices
get_price_history() - Historical price data (OHLCV candles)
get_quote_tokens() - Supported collateral currencies
get_fee_rates() - Fee schedule information

Order Management

place_order() - Order submission (market and limit)
cancel_order() - Single order cancellation
cancel_all_orders() - Batch order cancellation
get_my_orders() - Active order retrieval
get_order_by_id() - Order status queries

Position Tracking

get_my_balances() - Token balance queries
get_my_positions() - Position inventory
get_my_trades() - Trade history

Technical Implementation

from opinion_clob_sdk import Client
from opinion_clob_sdk.chain.py_order_utils.model.order import PlaceOrderDataInput
from opinion_clob_sdk.chain.py_order_utils.model.sides import OrderSide
from opinion_clob_sdk.chain.py_order_utils.model.order_type import LIMIT_ORDER

client = Client(
    host='https://proxy.opinion.trade:8443',
    apikey='your_api_key',
    chain_id=56,
    rpc_url='https://bsc-dataseed.binance.org',
    private_key='0x...',      # Signs orders (no gas required)
    multi_sig_addr='0x...'
)

# Gas-free order placement
order = PlaceOrderDataInput(
    marketId=813,
    tokenId='——————',
    side=OrderSide.BUY,
    orderType=LIMIT_ORDER,
    price='0.65',
    makerAmountInQuoteToken=100
)

result = client.place_order(order)  # Zero gas cost to user

EIP712 Signature Protocol

Orders employ typed structured data signatures conforming to EIP712 specification. Signatures provide cryptographic proof of authorization without blockchain state modification.

Signature Generation Flow:

Order parameters encoded per EIP712 TypedData standard
Digest computed: keccak256("\x19\x01" ‖ domainSeparator ‖ structHash)
ECDSA signature generated via secp256k1 curve
Signature transmitted with order to API endpoint
Backend performs ecrecover validation (signer authenticity)
Matched orders batch-settled on-chain (gas paid by infrastructure)

Pseudocode:

# EIP712 signature construction (simplified)
domain_separator = keccak256(
    encode(EIP712Domain_TYPEHASH, name, version, chainId, verifyingContract)
)
struct_hash = keccak256(encode(ORDER_TYPEHASH, order_params))
digest = keccak256(concat(0x1901, domain_separator, struct_hash))
signature = ecdsa_sign(digest, private_key)  # Returns (v, r, s)

Gas-Required Operations

On-Chain Smart Contract Invocations

Direct blockchain transactions invoke smart contract methods and require gas payment in BNB native tokens. These operations modify on-chain state and are irreversible post-confirmation.

Operations Requiring Gas

Token Approval (One-Time Setup)

enable_trading() - Grant ERC20/ERC1155 allowances to exchange contracts

Position Operations

split() - Invoke ConditionalTokens.splitPosition() (USDT → outcome tokens)
merge() - Invoke ConditionalTokens.mergePositions() (outcome tokens → USDT)
redeem() - Invoke ConditionalTokens.redeemPositions() (claim winning payouts)

State Query (RPC Call, No Gas)

check_enable_trading() - Read contract allowance state via eth_call

Gas Cost Analysis

BNB Chain Network Parameters

Parameter

Value

Notes

Block Time

~1.5s

Average block production interval

Gas Price

0.05 Gwei

Minimum gas price (EIP-1559 base fee)

Finality Threshold

10 blocks

Recommended confirmation depth (~15s)

Operation Gas Consumption Estimates

Operation

Gas Units

Cost @ 0.05 Gwei

USD Cost @ $600/BNB

enable_trading() (2 approvals)

~100,000

0.000005 BNB

$0.003

split()

~150,000

0.0000075 BNB

$0.0045

merge()

~120,000

0.000006 BNB

$0.0036

redeem()

~180,000

0.000009 BNB

$0.0054

Cost Formula:

Transaction Fee = Gas Units × Gas Price (Gwei) × 10^-9 BNB
USD Cost = Transaction Fee × BNB/USD Price

Variability Factors:

Network congestion (gas price auction)
Contract state complexity (storage operations)
Transaction data size (calldata cost)
BNB market price volatility

Implementation Examples

Enable Trading (Required Once)

from opinion_clob_sdk import Client

client = Client(...)

# Check current approval status
status = client.check_enable_trading()
print(f"USDT approved: {status['usdt_approved']}")
print(f"Conditional tokens approved: {status['conditional_tokens_approved']}")

# Grant approvals if needed
if not (status['usdt_approved'] and status['conditional_tokens_approved']):
    tx_hash = client.enable_trading()
    print(f"Approval transaction: {tx_hash}")
    # Wait for confirmation before trading

Required Approvals:

USDT Contract → Exchange contract (for collateral deposits)
ConditionalTokens Contract → Exchange contract (for outcome token trading)

Split Position

# Convert 100 USDT into 100 YES + 100 NO tokens
amount_in_usdt = 100
amount_in_wei = amount_in_usdt * 10**18  # USDT has 18 decimals

tx_hash = client.split(
    market_id=813,
    amount=amount_in_wei
)

print(f"Split transaction: {tx_hash}")
# Result: +100 YES tokens, +100 NO tokens, -100 USDT

Use Cases:

Creating outcome tokens for selling
Market making strategies
Arbitrage opportunities

Merge Position

# Convert 50 YES + 50 NO back into 50 USDT
amount_to_merge = 50 * 10**18  # Outcome tokens use 18 decimals

tx_hash = client.merge(
    market_id=813,
    amount=amount_to_merge
)

print(f"Merge transaction: {tx_hash}")
# Result: -50 YES tokens, -50 NO tokens, +50 USDT

Requirements:

Must hold equal amounts of both outcome tokens
Amount specified in Wei (18 decimals)

Redeem Winnings

# Claim winnings from resolved market
try:
    tx_hash = client.redeem(market_id=813)
    print(f"Redeem transaction: {tx_hash}")
except NoPositionsToRedeem:
    print("No winning positions to redeem")

Redemption Logic:

Markets resolved to YES: 1 YES token → 1 USDT
Markets resolved to NO: 1 NO token → 1 USDT
Losing outcome tokens become worthless

Gas Balance Requirements

Recommended BNB Holdings

Maintain sufficient BNB balance to execute gas-required operations without transaction failures.

Allocation Guidelines:

Use Case

Minimum BNB

Rationale

Initial setup

0.001 BNB (~$0.60)

Single enable_trading() call

High-frequency

0.1 BNB (~$60.00)

Hundreds of transactions, failover capacity

Balance Monitoring

from web3 import Web3

w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://bsc-dataseed.binance.org'))
address = '0xYourWalletAddress'

# Query native token balance
balance_wei = w3.eth.get_balance(address)
balance_bnb = Web3.from_wei(balance_wei, 'ether')

print(f"BNB Balance: {balance_bnb:.6f} BNB")

# Alert threshold
MINIMUM_BALANCE = 0.005  # BNB
if balance_bnb < MINIMUM_BALANCE:
    print(f"WARNING: BNB balance below threshold. Current: {balance_bnb}, Required: {MINIMUM_BALANCE}")

Position Management Planning

Structure trading strategies to minimize split/merge operations.

Example Strategy:

Execute single split to create large token inventory
Trade via gas-free CLOB orders
Merge/redeem only when exiting position or market resolves

# Initial setup (one-time gas cost)
client.split(market_id=813, amount=1000_000000)  # Create 1000 YES + 1000 NO

# Trading loop (no gas costs)
for i in range(100):
    order = PlaceOrderDataInput(...)
    client.place_order(order)  # Gas-free

# Position exit (one-time gas cost)
client.merge(market_id=813, amount=500 * 10**18)  # Merge remaining 500 pairs

Next Steps

Precision - Token decimal systems

PreviousOrder NextPrecision

Last updated 7 days ago